Updated: Dec. 18, 2019
To ensure consistency for students, modifications to citation examples are made
only between semesters.
This guide is representative of the 6th edition Publication Manual of APA.
APA examples are not exhaustive and focus on referencing and citations. Assistance from your professor and/or Writing Centre is suggested for clarification.
Users are responsible for interpretation of APA style guidelines and to seek further assistance when necessary.
Effective October 1, 2019.
Georgian will be adopting the 7th edition Publication Manual of APA in September 2020. (posted February 24, 2020)
Reference page entry:
David Busby Centre. (n.d.). In 211Ontario.ca online directory of services. Retrieved from http://www.211ontario.ca/ontario/
In-text citation:
(David Busby Centre, n.d.)
This is an example of identifying the source in a non-traditional journal found in a database. In this example, the source is Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The other rules of APA still apply in terms of author, date, volume, issue, and page numbers.
Reference page entry (3-5 authors):
Singh, J., Noorbaloochi, S., MacDonald, R., & Maxwell, L. (2016). Chondroitin for osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(4), 1-297.
In-text citation (3-5 authors):
(Singh, Noorbaloochi, MacDonald & Maxwell, 2016) *use all last names for first in-text citation
(Singh et al., 2016) *use for next or any other instances of in-text citation
The DSM is available in print and electronic format. The APA Style Blog gives the following examples for how to cite both the online and the printed version. For further information, please refer to the official APA style blog.
Reference page entry for the printed version of the DSM-5:
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Cautionary statement for forensic use of DSM-5. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
In-text citation:
(American Psychiatric Association, 2013)
Reference page entry for the online version of the DSM-5:
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Cautionary statement for forensic use of DSM-5. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.744053
In-text citation:
(American Psychiatric Association, 2013)
Reference page entry:
Imagine Canada. (2016, June 7). Robert Kerr Foundation. Grant Connect. Retrieved from https://grantconnect.ca/Account/LogOn/
In-text citation:
(Imagine Canada, 2016)
Sample conference proceeding reference entry from a book format:
Contributor, A. A., Contributor, B. B., & Contributor, C. C. (Year). Title of contribution. In Title of Conference (page numbers). doi:
Reference entry:
Ghosh, S. (2018). Smart homes: Architectural and engineering design imperatives for smart city building codes. In 2018 Technologies for Smart-City Energy Security and Power (ICSESP) (pp. 1-4). doi: 10.1109/ICSESP.2018.8376676
In-text citation:
(Ghosh, 2018)
Sample proceeding reference entry from a journal format:
Contributor, A. A., Contributor, B. B., & Contributor, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Proceeding, publisher location, volume (issue), (page numbers). doi:
Reference entry:
Lachs, W. R. (2005). Area-wide system protection scheme against extreme contingencies. Proceedings of the IEEE, USA, 93 (5), (pp. 1004-1027). doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2005.847263
In-text citation:
(Lachs, 2005)