This guide is representative of the 7th edition Publication Manual of APA and focuses on a student paper structure.
APA examples are not exhaustive and focus on referencing and citations. Assistance from your professor and/or Writing Centre is suggested for clarification.
Users are responsible for interpretation of APA style guidelines and to seek further assistance when necessary.
Effective September 2020.
Audio Works:
For additional examples, see Publication Manual Section 10.13
Reference list entry:
Simon, P. (2010). Still crazy after all these years: The greatest hits of Paul Simon [Album]. CBS Digital.
Note: If the reference is for a recording of a classical work, list the composer as the author and list the individual or group in square brackets who recorded the version you are using. The publication date is the date of the version, but include the year of the original composition at the end of the reference in brackets. See Publication Manual 10.13 for examples.
Reference list entry:
Simon, P. (2010). 50 ways to leave your lover [Song]. On Still crazy after all these years: The greatest hits of Paul Simon. CBS Digital.
Note: Similar to a chapter in a book, the song is listed first and then the album is identified that the song is on, prefaced by the word "On". The album title is in italics.
Reference list entry:
Zomorodi, M. (Host). (2012-present). TED Radio hour [Audio podcast]. NPR. https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/
Note: The host of the podcast is listed as the author and identified as the host. The publication date represents the beginning and end date of the podcast. If the podcast is ongoing, list the second date as "present". Identify the type of podcast (audio or video) in square brackets after the title. Include the podcast URL if it's known.
Reference list entry:
Zomorodi, M. (Host). (2020, May 22). Climate mindset [Audio podcast episode]. In TED Radio hour. NPR. https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/860077984/climate-mindset?showDate=2020-05-22
Note: Similar to a song on an album, the podcast episode is listed first and then the full podcasts identified that the episode is on, prefaced by the word "In". The podcast title is in italics.
For all of the examples above, the in-text citation follows the same format unless noted with the example. Refer to the Publication Manual, Section 8.17 for explanation with multiple authors.
Parenthetical citation format: (last name of author(s), year)
e.g. (Zomorodi, 2020)
e.g. (Simon, 2010)
Narrative citation format: include the author's or authors' names in the sentence, with the date in brackets
e.g. Zomorodi (2020) wrote...
e.g. Simon (2010) wrote...